Automatic change speed mechanism



May 24, 1932. E; BOURQUIN 1,860,010

AUTOMATIC CHANGE SPEED MECHANISM Filed May 2, 1951 2 SheetsSheet l y 1932- E. BOURQUEN 1,860,010

AUTOMATIG'CHANGE MECHANISM I Filed May 2, 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 fig 5.

" embodiment. i

Adverting to Fig. 1, the change speed device according to my invention is inclosed 1n a fly- Patented May 24, 1932 UNITED er E EIQJVGARDBOURQUIN, or BnY-sun- ARNE, rnancn AUTOMATIC CHANGE SPEED: M ama Application filed May 2 1931,Seria1 Maegan, an in France May, 7, ,1930.

shaft'directly drives a casing carrying a plurali'ty of couples of planet-pinion's, the pinions of each couple being integral with each other and being adapted to, mesh respectively and with different ratios of reduction with a wheel keyed on the driven shaft and with a wheel mounted loose on said driven shaft but connected to the first mentioned wheel through a .brakedreversible screw gear.

yPreferred embodiments of my invention will be hereinafter described with reference 29 to the accompanying drawings, given merely by way of example, and iii-which: I

3 Fig. l is asectional view-of a first embodiment of my invention; I l

. Fig. 2 is a similar view showing another wheel 7 integral witli driving shaft 1. A.

..male clutch cone 48,, forming a revolving casing, and closed by a plate 48a, carries two planet pinions 6 and 6a integral with one an .flother. "Said ,pinions have exactly the same number of teeth, but; not exactly: the same a pitch diameter.

H are therefore slightly difierent. Pinion 6 V meshes with a ytoothed wheel 4; integral with driven shaft 2. Another wheel 49 havingione, tooth less than wheel 4 meshes with pinion 6a.

Said wheel 49 is mounted loose on shaft 2 and carries, through bearings 49a, a worm 50 adapted to mesh with a worm-wheel 4b. The

I angleof inclination of th'e threads of said worm should berather small (about 6) in order. that said worm may oppose a resistance 1 to its being rotated cap able of overcoming the resistant torque corresponding to the given 7 direct drive. ;'When the resistant torque'm creases, pinions 6 and 6a are compelled to rotate about their axiss o that, for an angular displacement of one turn offiy-wheel T- and The modules of their teeth change-sp'eed mechanism comprises:

clutch cone is withrrespectto shaft 2 there is I a difference of rotation .of one tooth between wheels49 and4a U 1 In this case the frictional lossesiof" power (leaving aside the friction of thecylindrical 55 gear wheels upon oneanother) are reducedto the product of the rotation'ofiworm 50.-and

one half of thetangentialforce necessary: for overcoming the .resistant torque.-- The other half is furnished by. pinions 6 and 6arwhich, in order to be able to rotate abou'tthei-r co'mmon axis, must overcome a resistance. equal tothat which is necessary for. rotating worm 50, whichca-usesthem also todriveby reaction U A spring=45, which maybe compressed actingon a clutch'dis'engaging fork-e46 applies the male: clutch 011,648: against. the female cone at fly-wheel 7. ISaidmlutch disengaging fork may'j'beractuatedjthrough; a .70 pedal or alever'. in .orderto placethe'mechanism in the neutral position when the system is stopped.

. Aclutch cone.48,'whichlmay be made'fluidtight, may contain anoil bath fonthe' gearr wheels; Worm 50 butts against bearingAQ'w with as thrust thatis; the, greater; as. the resistant torque is greater. w lt is, thus braked,-

and-the resistance it. opposes to its rOtation increases ...in-.=: direct 1 ratio to the; resistant: so

torque. of shaft 2.

I could also-utilize teeth having} -the same module for all the gears, but, in thatfcase1 pinions 6 and 6ashould have azdifierenoe of one tooth betweenthem; and zwheelsflfand 4..

shouldlcorrespond. Allathegears (Figs. 1 and 2-)might, have helicoidal teeth order tobenoi'seless.

In the embodiment shownin Fig. 2, the V a) At-direct drive throughfrictionplate '9, automatically controlled ,by fcentrifu gal V weights12 as soonas; shaft 2. has agiyen speed of revolution 'qSprings 11 and fingers 11a move. said fllCtiOIl-r plate away. from piece. 5' 48wwhich serves to close fiy-wheel 7.-.-:Sleeve 8 andkeys 2b. andklO,v serve to connectfric- I tionplate79toshaft 2'. r o

' (6). Means for braking wornrf50 ;;whi,ch

comprise aicollarawhichxis subjectedtqthe- 0 7 driven by shaft 2 are being started than action of a spring 53 and which may be moved away from worm by a pivoting piece 54 when finger 56 is depressed through ring Worm 50 has a friction coeiiicient which is much higher when the mechanisms when they are running, and consequently it will be readily understood that as saidworm 50 is braked it could not be set in motion, and the direct drive would always remain established if it were not possible to interrupt at will the braking of,worm 50. On

the other hand, when worm 50 is no longer braked, itiopposes buta small resistance to its rotation, chiefly if it is provided with a thrust ball bearing. By interrupting :the

. braking action exerted on worm 50, I therefore obtain an action analogous to the dis engagement of a clutch, since the rotation of worm 50 maybe accelerated to such adegree that sun whee'ls4 and l9 may move angu-n 'larly one with respect to the other withoutany effort, and'that, accordingly, planet pinions 6 and Gamay roll in an epicycloidal manner about sun wheels 4- and 49 without driving them.

(0) .Disengaging means, adapted to oper ate'whena fork 46 is caused (by means of a pedal that is not shown) to act upon a ring 57 and fingers 57a. These disengaging means serve tointerrupt the braking action exerted on worm 50, as above explained.

(d) A reverse gear, the drive being trans- 'mitted from fly-wheel 7 to. friction plate 9 through gear, wheels 7 (1, 58a, 58b, 61 and 90,

' and-shaft 58. To obtain the reverse drive, i it is necessary'to disconnect the above described driving mechanism and to keep it disconnected as long as the reverse gear is to be used. I

While I have described what I deem to be preferred embodiments of my invention, it should be well understood that I'do not wish to be limited thereto as there might be changes made in the arrangement, disposition and form of the parts without departing from the principle of my invention.

What I claim is: Y

1. An automatic change speed mechanism of the type described comprising in combination a drivingshaft, a casing, means for di- 7 A 'rectlyconnecting said casing to said driving shaft, two pinions, a common axis for said pinions pivoted in said casing in parallel relation to said driving-shaft, a driven shaft extending into said casing in line with said 7 driving shaft, a toothed wheel keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of with said driven shaft, a worm, two bearings onthe second named toothedwheel adapted to support said worm in tangential relation with said worm wheel, so that it can cooperate therewith, and means for braking the rota- I with a conical recess, a casing having a conical outer surface adapted to frictionally engage said recess, means for applying said casing against said fiy-wheel, two pinions, a

common axis for said pinions pivoted in said casing in parallel relation to said shaft, a driven shaftextending into said casing in line withsaid driving shaft, atoothed wheel keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of said pinions, a toothed Wheel mounted loose ,on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the other pinion, the

"ratios of reduction between said pinions and said wheels respectively being different, a worm wheel integral with said driven shaft, a worm, two hearings on the second named toothed wheel adapted to support said worm in tangential contact with said worm wheel, andrmeans for braking the rotation of said worm. 7

- 3. An automatic changespeed mechanism of the type described comprising in combina tion, a driving shaft, a fly-wheel provided with a conical recess, a casing'having a conical outer surface adapted to" frictionally engage said recess, means for applying said casing against said fly-wheel, two pinions having the same number of teeth, a common axis for said pinions pivoted in said casing in parallel relation" with saidshaft, a driven shaft extending into said casing-in linewith said driving shaft, a toothed wheel keyed'on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of said pinions, atoothed wheel mounted loose on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the other pinion and having one tooth less than said firstmentioned wheel, a

worm wheel integral with said driven shaft, a worm, two bearings on the second named t toothed wheel adapted to. support said worm in tangential contact with said worm wheel,

and means for braking the rotation of said worm. r a V 4. An automatic change speed mechanism of the type described comprising in combination, a driving shaft, a casing integral with said driving shaft, twopinions, a common axis for said pinions pivoted in saidcasing l in parallel relation to said shaft, a driven shaft extending into said casing in line with said driving shaft, a toothed wheel keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of said pinions, a toothed wheel mounted loose on said driven shaft and adapted to meshwith the other pinion, the gear ratios between said pinions and said Wheels respectively being different, a worm wheel integral. with said: driven shaft, a

worm, two bearings on the second named toothed wheel adapted to support said worm in tangentialcontact with said worm wheel, a collar for braking the rotation of said worm, a spring for applying said collar on said worm, and means for releasing the pressure exerted by said collar on said worm.

' 5. An automatic change speed mechanism of the type described comprising in combina tion, a driving shaft, a casing integral with said driving shaft, two pinions, a common axis for said pinions pivoted in said casing in parallel relation to said shaft, a driven shaft extending into said casing in line with said driving shaft, a toothed wheel keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of said pinions, a toothed wheel mounted loose on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the other pinion, the gear ratios between said pinions and said wheels respectivelybeing different, a worm wheel integral with said driven shaft, a worm, two hearings on the second named toothed wheel adapted to support said Wheel in tangential contact with said worm wheel, a collar for braking the rotation of said worm, a spring for applying said collar on said worm, means for releasin the pressure exerted by said collar on sai worm, a friction plate keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to frictionally engagethe corresponding face of said casing, a centrifugal governor mounted on said driven shaft for applying said plate against said casing. Y

the rotation of said worm, a spring for applying said collar on said worm,- means for releasing the pressure exerted by said collar on said worm, a friction plate keyed on said drivenshaft and adapted tofrictionally engage the corresponding face of said casing, a centrifugal governor mounted on said driven shaft for applying said plate against said casing, a toothed ring on the outerperiphery of said casing, a toothed ring on the outer periphery of said friction plate, a sliding shaft parallel to said driving shaft, a gear wheel adapted to mesh with the first mentioned toothed ring, keyed to said sliding shaft, a pinion in meshing connection with said second mentioned toothed ring, and asecond gear wheel adapted to mesh with said last mentioned pinion, whereby a sliding displace ment of said shaft, will bring said gear wheels in mesh with said first mentioned toothed ring and last mentioned pinion respectively for producing reverse gear.

In testimony whereof I have. signed my name to this specification.

' EDGARD BOURQUINQ 6. An automatic change'speed mechanism a of the type described comprising in combina-' tion a driving shaft, a frame, anepicycloidal gear having planet wheels and sun wheels the planet wheels of said gear being different in diameter and carried by said frame, a driven shaft in line with the driving shaft, one of the sun wheels being positively connected to said shaft, means for pivotally supporting the other sun wheel, a worm gear for connecting said sun wheels to one another, and means for braking the rotation of said worm gear.

7. An automatic change speed mechanism of the type described comprising in combina tion, a driving shaft, a casing integral with said driving shaft, two pinions, a common axis for said pinions pivoted in said casing in parallel rotation to said shaft, a driven shaft extended into said casing in line with said driving shaft, a toothedwheel keyed on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with one of said pinions; a toothed Wheel mounted loose on said driven shaft and adapted to mesh with the other pinion, the gear ratios between said pinions and said wheels respectively being different, a worm wheel integral with said driven shaft, a worm, two bearings on the second named toothed wheel adapted to support said wheel in tangential contact with said worm wheel, acollar for braking 

